Hepatitis Dates

Hepatitis Introduction to Health and Disease April 17, 2010 Hepatitis Introduction Hepatitis is a symptomatic transmission system that affects the colorful. The or so common types of Hepatitis virus are A, B, C, D and E. The history of hepatitis dates back to ancient times and the success of modern medicament have improved the prevention and treatment of most types of Hepatitis. The high guess groups include injectible drug users, hemodialysis patients, and those who have sexual fall into place with infect people. Hepatitis B and C are the leading cause of chronic colorful indisposition and colored cancer in the United States. memoir History of Hepatitis is believed to go back as far as the ancient times. With straight offs modern medicine scientists have discovered a major break by dint of in 1963 that identified a serum hepatitis cognise as Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). Ten years later, they found the cause of hepatitis contagion and called it Hepatitis A Virus (HAV). In 1989, Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) was discovered. Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) was known in the 1970s, but was better understood by scientists in the 1980-1990s. by and by the Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) was discovered in 1990. EtiologyHepatitis A (HAV) the to the lowest degree serious form and may spring up as an isolated side of an epidemic. It is estimated that one out of every 3 people has been impact by HAV. Transmission of HAV is associated with close personal contact or contaminated feed or water (Wilson, p. 13). Hepatitis B (HBV) is transmitted primarily by contact with give blood, semen, and other bodily fluids. Injectable drug users, people with manifold sexual partners and homosexuals are at higher risk for contracting the B virus. Hepatitis B can severely damage a persons liver, resulting in cancer (Nordqvist, 2009).Hepatitis C (HCV) is the most serious blood borne transmittance in the United States. The disease is often passed between drug users who conduct needles. Pe ople who are on dialysis and sexual contact are excessively at risk. The hepatitis virus is the leading cause of liver cancer and the most common reason for liver transplants (Wilson, 2005). Hepatitis D (HDV) is a defective virus that only if the people who are infected with Hepatitis B. The virus is transmitted through contact with infected blood, unprotected sex, and piercing of the skin with infected needles.The personal effects of HDV are to a greater extent serious and progresses to chronic liver disease more frequently than virus A, B, or C. Hepatitis E (HEV) is the leading cause of epidemics somewhat the world, but cases in the United States are rare. Primarily HEV is spread by fecal contaminated drinking water and there is no distinguish that HEV progresses to chronic liver disease (Wilson, 2005). There have been no cases of HEV account in the United States. Patients with Hepatitis A and B typically experience jerky unset of fever, malaise and fatigue, nausea and abdomi nal pain. Anorexia and jaundice may also be present.Hepatitis C is less forgiving as symptoms may not come forward until the patients condition has progressed to cirrhosis or cancer (Neighbors &038 Tannehill-Jones, 2006). Populations affected by Hepatitis In the United States approximately 1. 2 million are bread and butter with Hepatitis B and 3. 2 are living with Hepatitis C. Estimated 25,000 people drive infected with Hepatitis A. Many people do not know the virus infection exist in the body (CDC, 2009). The Center for Disease figure (2009) estimates 180 million people over the world is infected with HCV, of which 4 million are identified as cases in the United States. separately year 26,000 cases of HCV are diagnosed in the United States alone, and 10,000 to 12,000 deaths are contributed to HVC (Centers for Disease ascendancy CDC, 2009, p. 1). The hepatitis virus is the leading cause of liver cancer and the reason for liver transplants. In the United States approximately 1. 2 million are living with Hepatitis B and 3. 2 are living with Hepatitis C. Estimated 25,000 people become infected with Hepatitis A. Many people do not know the virus infection exist in the body (CDC, 2009). TreatmentIn July of 1982 the Hepatitis B vaccinum was canonical for use and thirteen years later (1995) the HAV vaccine was approved for use. These significant scientific breakthroughs have led a steady declivity in the phone number of HAV and HBV cases in the United States. There is not a vaccine available for HCV but scientists are working hard to develop one. In addition to the vaccines some treatment options are available. HAV usually resolves itself and no specific treatment is needed. Treatment for HBV is Interferon which slows the progress of the disease in more or less 40% of patients (Neighbors &038 Tannehill-Jones, 2006).In addition to treating HBV Interferon is very in force(p) for treating HCV. This antiviral slows the disease process about 30% of the time (N eighbors &038 Tannehill-Jones, 2006). There is not an effective treatment for HDV or HEV. Treatment for end stage cirrhosis or cancer caused by hepatitis may result in a liver transplant. Conclusion Hepatitis is a disease that causes an inflammation of the liver. There are some(prenominal) viruses that cause cirrhosis or cancer of the liver. Hepatitis A is a piano disease that typically resolves itself.The hepatitis B virus is more severe than A and less severe than C. The availability of vaccines for Hepatitis A and B has decreased the number of cases while Hepatitis C continues to infect high risk populations. Scientists continue to achieve for a cure for Hepatitis C but in the meantime a people need to be aware of the disease and take steps the reduce the possibility of exposure. References Centers for Disease Control. (2009). Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Retrieved from http//www. cdc. gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss5803. pdf Neighbors, M. &038 Tannehill-Jones, R. (2006). viral diseases acquired through alimentary and other routes. In Human diseases (pp. 201-203). Retrieved from https//ecampus. phoenix. edu/ glut/eBookLibrary2/content/eReader. aspx Nordqvist, C. (2009,April). What is Hepatitis? Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment. Medical News Today, (), Retrieved April 13, 2010 from http//www. medicalnewstoday. com/articles/145869. php Wilson, T. (2005). The ABCs of hepatitis. The Nurse Practitioner, 30(6), 12-18. Retrieved from Retrieved from CINAHL Plus with Full schoolbook database.